Develop practical entrepreneurial ideas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Develop practical entrepreneurial ideas - Essay Example premium Foods has formulated an effective marketing strategy that will ensure proper market penetration (Erick 2011).The capital of the United Kingdom market has huge demand for fast food products, especi everyy during the morning and in the afternoon. The student commonwealth greatly desire food products which are easily available and relatively affordable. The demanding lifestyles of London residents at litigate and in learning institutions, explains minimal time available for preparing home cooked meals. The fast foods are the most earmark alternative.The products that will be provided by the business are mainly fast foods and drinks. The customers can visit the proof to get fast food products and related services that include entertainment. Alternatively, busy clients can make orders finished our email and social media platforms (Anders 2005). The food will be delivered within 30 minutes in each location Within London. There are several major competitors in the fast food welkin within London for instance, Chicken Valley, Chicago Pizza, Burger King, and Ambar. We will ensure competitive advantage through concentrating on customized services (Richard 2008). The most favored customized services, is the home and office delivery. The market entry strategy involves effectively incorporate fast food products with customized services and entertainment. A resident jazz band has been contracted to perform during all Friday and Saturday

Corporate Social Responsibility and Enhancement of Competitive Essay

incorporated Social Responsibility and Enhancement of Competitive Advantage of Companies - Essay ExampleThis paper is aimed at providing a detailed study of the fact that Corporate Social responsibility is a seam strategy which stop be used by commerce organisations to enhance their competitive advantage in markets for various goods and services. The judgment of Corporate Social Responsibility and its importance In a study, conducted in 2005, it has been revealed by more than 80 percent of respondents (who were business executives in different organisations) that, business strategies related to Corporate Social Responsibility is exceedingly essential for their businesses (Blowfield, Blowfield and Murray, 2011, p.10). The phrase Corporate Social Responsibility has been described in modern businesses as superstar of the most important business practices. With the help of this responsibility multinational corporations are redefining their function in the society and their funct ional responsibilities to rights of the human beings and the environment. Ethical as well as environmental aspects, along with effective business strategies are important components of Corporate Social Responsibility. ... According to few companies the practice of corporate social responsibilities business organisation can acquire greater profits through greater market shares (Forcese, 2008, pp.153-154). It is some dates argued by business organisations that as long as they are paying taxes to the giving medication and wages to their employees and even maintaining regulations related to health and safety needs they are acting as good corporate citizens. Economists like Milton Friedman (1970) support this view of doing businesses or running corporate organisations. The problem associated with this business strategy came into effect when economists argued that in this system certain sections of the society (mainly poor people) are getting marginalised. Therefore these economists, in cluding John Gregory Mankiw, have suggested to incorporate the regime to provide goods and services to these deprived people and hence to protect these people from corporate strategies. By the closedown of 1980s this corporate business strategies have been criticised by many economists and environmentalists. A rapid revolution started during this time in regard to greater environmental protection against unethical corporate practices. As a yield of these environmental movements Union Carbide had to withdraw its business from Bhopal, India, General Motors to stop selling vehicles with military application to the apartheid government in South Africa and many other large businesses, like Nestle, to change their business strategies. In the 2000s these changes started to intromit oil and gas industry across the globe, making significant changes in applications of business ethics by large number of multinational corporations all over the world. In this time, mainly after 2000, many mu ltinational

Ancient and Medieval Political Theory Assignment - 1

Ancient and Medieval Political Theory - Assignment ExampleThis is because men be their traditional enemies. Furthermore, Pisthetaerus explains to the birds that they are the original gods, and hence they should reclaim their position by building a urban center in the sky.This would blockade the Olympian gods, into accessing the worship of men, and hence force them into submission2. In the context of this text, power sum the ability of making other people to be submissive to an individual. Furthermore, it means the ability to reclaim the past tense glory or honor. That is, the birds were once gods, and hence, they should reclaim their position from the Olympian gods. This concept of power has been extensively discussed in this class. For example, we learn of authoritarian discover, democracies, and tyrannies. All these are different types of powers and authorities exercised by governments.Democracy, is the rule of many, while tyranny, is the rule of minority, and by force. Author itarian rule and tyranny are examples of dictatorships. All these are aspects of power. Political power is an aspect that affects the contemporary society3. States are normally encouraged to establish a democratic system of governance. This is because democracy ensures that at that place is transparency in the governance process. Countries such as United States is a democracy, and it rarely has a goodness diplomatic relationship with countries that are authoritarian and

Can School Vouchers and School Choice Successfully Coexist Research Paper

Can School Vouchers and School Choice Successfully Coexist - Research newspaper ExampleCharter directs be different from school vouchers. Charter schools are subsidized by the disposal. The government can revoke the charter and halt funding at any time. Voucher programs date tail to the early 1900s in Vermont and Maine. The two states wanted to ensure that every child had access to schools, at a time when some children were not located in a school district (CNN). It is only in the 1990s that other localities and states adopted voucher programs and sparked debate (Brown, B. 2002, 287-300).The issues presented by school vouchers have polarized Americans. Many are for vouchers, and many are against vouchers. Few are left in the middle. Proponents of school vouchers make their main eccentric the condition of failing, inner-city schools. Varying in different programs, vouchers are offered to failing students in urban schools. The students have a choice to enrol in another public sch ool or private school. Supporters argue that a majority of voucher recipients are poor minorities. Therefore, these poor, neglected students have a new chance in a school outside the district. In addition to providing better education to these failing students, the push for school integration is renewed (Coulson). Since school integration became the law of the land in 1954, white families have flocked to the suburbs, resulting in separation of the upper classes and lower classes (Epple, D., and Romano, R. 2003).Opponents dispute that this totally undermines public education. Learning by People for the American Way (PFAW) cites that the voucher costs drain money from public schools. This has unenthusiastic effects in its draw a bead on of keeping the money inside the school budget.

Awards for Excellence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Awards for Excellence - Essay mannikinThis was just a sign of things to come. Expect more from us in the future because naked endowment fund gets discovered on a regular basis in our department. Coming to the statement awards, Mr. Angel Garralda and Ms. Ming Cheung argon both accomplished educators with a similar learning is a continuous, two-way process, view. They have a refreshingly new approach to teaching, a pro-active role for the student in the learning process. The awards will only add responsibility and enhance their already popular teaching methods. These are given ONLY to people who have made great contributions in their respective teaching disciplines over a period of time. The awards are a proof of the teaching efficiency levels at the EN department. As more and more students from all over the world, show piercing interest, to be a part of our culture, wed expect the students to be ready for an environment that provides both fun and serious-minded learning simult aneously. The range of courses offered by the department caters to all the needs across all walks of life. This is the most enkindle part of this unique community.

Appian Way Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Appian itinerary - Research Paper ExampleThe Appian Way in Rome has been always accounted as one of the earlier roman verbal expression works, which has remarkable significance even in this modern day context. This pathway construction found its existence during 312 B.C. and was constructed by Appius Claudius Caecus who during that period held the position of a powerful political common fig. This political figure was also known for the construction of the primitive aqueduct structures within Rome so as to provide expendable water to the entire nation. The entire pathway spanned around a distance of 563 kilometers connecting Rome and the Brindisi, Italy. In call of historical significance, this road till date represents the preliminary phase of traditional human engineering. Apart from and being a sign of historical significance, the Appian Way consistently served dual other purposes as well1. unitary of such purposes was found to be the provision of a fighting advantage to th e roman army during situations of war outbreak. The Roman army during that period utilized this pathway in an extensive manner for supplying ration, reinforcements and armaments to their battlefront line fighting troops. After their expansion within Italy, the Roman Empire invested significant amount of clock and finance in terms of developing and mastering the procedures of distant roadway construction. Eventually with time, such pathways emerged as significant connective lines amid Rome and its acquired domains. As a result of all these roman developments, multiple underdeveloped cultural civilizations also had the chances of developing and marking their existence in the history of mankind (National geographic Society, Rome Walking Tour Ancient Appian Way)2.The utility of the Appian Way again formed a factor of historical significance as a result of Romes victory against Samnite tribes between the period of 343 & 341 BC. As a matter of fact, the

Ethnic Minority Movements in the USA Term Paper

ethnical minority Movements in the USA - Term Paper ExampleThe term paper Ethnic Minority Movements in the USA aims to carry out an in-depth research on the ethnic movements, which had been launched in the USA during ordinal and twentieth centuries onward. One of the most important reasons behind conducting study includes the exploration of ethnic conflicts in the country. The studies stop the very fact that although no society could be viewed as free from ethnic-racial discrimination, yet the same manifestly exists in the multicultural regions of the world, particularly Europe, the USA and the Middle East with its extreme awkwardness, high intensity, and condemnable severity. Consequently, the creation of different ethnicities and racial groups serves as a universal phenomenon, though some of the societies, especi exclusivelyy the USA, witness earthly concern of almost all ethnic groups in the country. The American society consists of white Anglo Saxon, indigenous Red Indian, African American, and central and south Asian and Far East populations, and hence represents almost all ethnicities existing on the face of the earth. It is partly due to the reality that the USA has observed tremendous progress in all areas of life during the last two centuries. As a result, the individuals from various zones and regions of the globe have migrated to the USA on the temporary or permanent basis for seeking higher education, getting medical treatment, starting corporal ventures and in search of job and employment. The ancestors of contemporary era African Americans had also been taken as slaves.

What are the pros and cons of the rise of networks Essay

What are the pros and cons of the rise of networks - establish ExampleTo put it simple, a network society is a society whose neighborly structure is make of networks powered by microelectronics-based information and communication technologies. In this definition, it is evident that network as an essential branch of social structure has a two-fold basis for its functioning. In this context, it is necessary to concentrate on the reasons of network to empower. In fact, this argumentation enables to comprehend the core contradiction that appears with the rise of networks. Among the key drivers towards the new network society, Castells (2010) mentions expert revolution, maturation interdependence between contemporary economies.In other words, social changes are as dramatic as the technological and economic processes of transformation.In the case of technology, the very ability to analyze innovations in the close link with social movements rejects technological determinism. In partic ular, it is presented as a deeply rooted in the social fabric instance, which is a mirror of prevailing type of social and economic knowledge, organizational framework, and network disposition (Castells, 2010, p. 35). In the context of the latest technological revolution, Castells (2010) emphasizes the role of Silicon Valley in America as a tiny driver of this significant change (p. 62). Moreover, he stresses on the genetic engineering as they also parent to the decoding and recoding of the information of living matter.

Working with young children from 16 to 36 months Essay

Working with young children from 16 to 36 months - render ExampleYou may choose to include photographs, observations and point of activities carried out (to include one out of the move context). Your portfolio should be well supported by guess and your own critical reflections. Present and elapse tortuous information and ideas verbally and in written form, using specialist vocabulary where appropriate.? Critically identify, assess, recognise and affair information from a wide range of sources. Materials from the portfolio and the reflective report can be physical exercised in the validation process. 4,000- 5,000 words (100% weighting) Rationale This faculty volition consider current research and pedagogical approaches when workings with young children, and what those who work with children need to know about theory, research and practice. It will consider the victimization of policies in providing for the youngest children in the UK in recent times. In the context of the rapid changes in the field of proto(prenominal) childhood education and care, this module will critically discuss the complex policy context in the UK. It will attempt to provide an overview of the recent history of policy development, considering the impact of Every Child Matters, The Early age Foundation Stage and the developing role of the Early Years Professionals. Key aspects of practice will be explored in the light of this discussion. This module aims to enable students to Apply critical, analytical skills to approaches of early childhood ?pedagogy. Synthesise the theory and practice of working with young children. Gain knowledge and understanding of current initiatives and their ?effect on early childhood education and care. Develop critically reflective and questioning perspectives on how ?young children develop and require and the role of the adult. Recognise processes which improve quality of provision. Understand the role of an early years team. ?The distinctive fea tures of the module are to provide an overview of theoretical underpinnings of early childhood practice with the youngest children and to examine research studies in to the training and development of children from 16 to 36 months. The emphasis of the module is concerned with linking theoretical aspects with the experience acquired in situation and ways in which high quality provision can be offered to young children to support development and learning. Learning Outcomes Demonstratebreadthanddepthofawarenessandunderstandingofthe expected patterns of childrens physical, cognitive, linguistic, social, emotional and behavioural development from 16-36 months. Demonstrate the ability to identify how to use everyday care routines, play and planned learning activities to promote childrens well-being, development and learning, and knowing how to critically evaluate and adapt them to meet childrens varied needs. Demonstrateabreadthanddepthofknowledgeandunderstandingof current legal require ments, national policies and guidance on health and safety and their implications for early years settings. Intellectual skills 4. Coherently collate, critically evaluate and analyse tell apart about effective practice and use it to improve their own and others practice. 5. Engage with complex theory, new concepts and evidence from a range of sources associated with early childhood development and apply it to the learning process. Transferrable Skills 8. Present and communicate complex information and ideas verbally and in written form, using specialist vocabulary where appropriate.? 9. Critically identify, assess, select and use information from a wide range of sources. Essay Task Portfolio

Age of enlightment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Age of enlightment - Essay pillowcaseThe second treatise of local government The author in this article conveys that man by nature is relinquish and has no obligation to subject to anybodys will. He neglects the idea of government and the punishment imposed by religious concepts.The author suggests that human being belonging to same species should not be subjected to discrimination and bondage but to equal freedom. rapture smith Wealth of nations The author in this book explains closely the feudal system and beurecracy existed during the industrial revolution of Europe. He beloved that feudalism spreading in Europe could hinder the industrial growth and solitary(prenominal) thing could save it is socialism. He believes that development is due to the specialization of labor and this only can give material well being. He mentions that self love is the reason for prosperity in man which is a nature only found in human beings. He claims that market is a place where individual co - operates with each other and where the talents of individuals are shared for material benefit. His theory says that the evaluate of a thing sold in a market is the proportion of labor put in the making o f it and brought into the market. Comparison of Locke and hug drug theory The similarity in both Locke and Adams proposition is that both believe in the human rights of people. They believed in the labor of the human beings and the abide by attached to it and right attached to it. both(prenominal) these authors were in support of the laborers and working men. Both the authors talk about the discrimination of government towards the poor and needy. They both talk about belongings of nature and the law of nature. Locke suggests that Adam and Eve, and after them all parents were, by the law of nature, under an obligation to preserve, nourish and educate the children, they had begotten. In a way, both favor socialism and equal distribution of power, property and right to people. The y demand that it in natural state, people have the right to do what they wanted to and in any case should not be subjected to slavery. Natural liberty was central theme to both of their writing. Locke claims that the government is formed in localise to protect the property and Adam smith also talks about labor and property that is riches of nation. Both the authors believe in a market which works freely and without any discrimination. metalworker believed that familiarity functioned in a capitalist way and mostly wants to exploit the laborers and working class. Smith mentions that There is no art which one government sooner learns of another than that of draining money from the pockets of the people. Smith claims that property is the effort of working class and same is said by Locks that property is labor mixed with an object. Both of them emphasize less on a government who disregard human rights and pursuals of common men. Contrast amid Locke and Smith theory Locke mainly disc uss about a community where individuals have free interest and acquired natural freedom. He mainly focuses on human rights and property .On the other hand Adam Smith focuses on labor and its value and on the division of labor. According to Smith In general, if any separate of trade, or any division of labor, be advantageous to the public, the freer and more general the competition, it will always be the more so. Locke mainly mentions about the Government and their abusive way of governing the people. According to Locke The law-makers acts against the trust reposed in them, when they endeavor to invade the property of the subject, and to make themselves, or any part of the community, masters, or arbitrary disposers of the lives, liberties or fortunes of the people He claims that instead of representing the people, government represent

Q4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Q4 - Essay ExampleContinual improvement can in like manner be added as a primary tenet of TQM concept. This particular principle denotes that improvement of the company in terms of quality as well as metre should be a continuous process. It is cost mentioning in this context that the sole intention of TQM is to obtain efficiency in managing both quality and quantity with equal importance. The key notion considered in this regard, signifies that balance amidst quality and quantity is vital to pluck customers at an increasing rate and also preserve customer loyalty for a longer time-period. owe to such significance of TQM, the inferences drawn through this framework must essentially be reliable. This constitutes another basic tenet of TQM, where matrices are required to be used to draw inferences and justify strategies for maintaining a balance between quality and quantity prospects. Last but not the least managerial leadership practices within the arranging also play a major in fluencing role in contributing towards the effectiveness of the TQM strategies applied (Reynolds,

Apology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Apology - Essay ExampleYet a nonher account of the runnel is given by Aristophanes, a comic playwright. The philosopher was a member of the sub-council the Council of Five Hundred that ruled either over the Assembly. His morals, way of thinking did non create much of a fuss at first. He did all that he thought was right, nothing more and then a time came when Athens was under flack and Sparta won the battle. The Greeks were humiliated and angry, especially when Socrates did not seem to approve of their form of government. He was considered as a critic of the then governmental system of Greece and due to this and other things he was accused against, he was rove on trial by Anytus, Lycon and Meletus the latter being the prosecutor who was mostly responsible for putting Socrates on trial. Socrates does injustice and is meddlesome, by investigating the things under the earth and the heavenly things, and by making the weaker speech the stronger, and by teaching others these same things (Plato, West and West 66). The above were the charges placed against Socrates and he had to plead innocent or guilty for them. In simple words, Socrates thoughts were not similar to the thoughts the Greeks generally had. He believed that the gods knew everything, were present everywhere, virtuoso could not hide anything or anyone from them. The majority of the Greeks thought that the gods were partially present, that they knew some things and remained unaware about others. Their concepts of gods was different and it was not that much of a problem until Socrates actually refused to follow an order regarding to agreeing to allowing something illegal to happen. He had taken a vow and believed that the gods would know he had done wrong and for this he was being put on trial, for breathing out against what they thought was gods will when, in fact, it was just their own. The wording of this charge of impiety makes one assume that Socrates did not believe in the gods which were wor shipped by the people of Athens, but also that he did not believe in the authority of gods at all. When, in fact, that was not the case and Socrates proves them wrong at several points in his apology. Socrates relates an incident in which Chaerephon, a friend of his and also quite a famous personality in the city, went to the Oracle of Delphi and actually questioned whether anyone was wiser than Socrates and the reply was in negative. The philosopher believed this to be a paradox in itself since he did not consider himself to be the wisest person, but thought it to be true, too, so he washed-out his entire life trying to prove the Oracle of Delphi correct. On questioning a few of the cock-a-hoop Athenians who were thought to be wise, Socrates only managed to conclude that, indeed, he was the wisest of all of them. This was because he was aware of the fact that he was still ignorant of many things of life, whilst the others thought they were intelligent enough, they did not think that there might be room for further improvement, etc. and that was the paradox itself. The fact that he knew he was ignorant and the others did not proved that he was the Oracle was right. This point did seem to humiliate the respected men and only managed to turn them against him though. solely it also shows that Socrates wanted the Oracle to be right and if he

Human resource management in UK government Essay

Human resource management in UK government - Essay casingThe financial stringencies of recent years give dash combined with growing anxieties intimately seemingly inflated topical anesthetic authority staff numbers to persuade topical anesthetic regime to make increasing efforts to make give use of their existing staff, in order to reduce demands for extra posts. The pressure imposed by domineering competitive tendering to reduce labour costs in order to retain service contracts within the local anesthetic authority have also produced major channels in human resource management in local government (Fenwick, Shaw and Foreman, 2003).Since a long time, methods of improving human resource management and establishment control have expanded greatly in UK. Work study and organisation and methods techniques have developed rapidly. Computers have do the task of collecting, storing and analysing human resource records easier and quicker, a development which alarmed some trade union leading because of the fear of job losses, as well as possible threats to privacy. In 1984 the Data Protection affect both improved the legal protection of confidentiality and gave data subjects the right to see information held about themselves on computers and correct it where it is inaccurate (Elcock, Stephenson 1996). The development of these and other new management techniques led the Fulton Committee to urge the spry development of systematic human resource management in the civil service. Similarly, the Bains Committee (1972) urged local authorities to recognise that The human problems of management in local government are in no way different from those in industry or the civil service. The resources devoted to the solution and more important the cake of those problems in local government are in our view generally inadequate. (Bacon, Eltis, 2001) Local government had not, in the Bains Committees view, made adequate use of the techniques available for improving its efficie ncy in the use of personnel. However, vexation about human resource management is relatively new in local government. In the mid-1960s, the Mallaby Committee was supercharged with investigating the staffing of local government and its report was hardly a recipe for a radical change of overture to human resource management. In the chapter devoted to this subject, the committee made frequent references to the previous doubt into local government staffing carried out by the Hadow Committee and it did little more than endorse the recommendations of the earlier committee. thence the Hadow Committee had recommended that local authorities should create establishment committees responsible for human resource matters, including controlling the size of it of the authoritys departments and vetting requests for new posts. This was establishments work as traditionally understood in the public services a concern to restrain the size of departments and ensure that new posts are created only when they are absolutely necessary. The establishments committee should be advised by the authoritys clerk, a member of whose staff should take responsibility for human resource matters. This approach was largely supported by the Mallaby Commi

European Court on Human Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

European Court on Human Rights - Essay ExampleThe Human Rights Watch (HRW), a global NGO, noted this weakness in implementation of man rights laws. The development of norms has not been matched by effectual means for their implementation. (Hicks, 2007) Implementation is further blocked by the current thinking thatprotection worldwide, and the threat to valet de chambre rights continues to grow. (Hicks, 2007) Amnesty International also believes that today, benignant rights are not only a promise unfulfilled, they are a promise betrayed. Amnesty International was referring specifically to attempts by various States to justify or entomb their violations of the absolute ban on torture, to the tragedy of Darfur, the bankruptcy to stop extreme and widespread violence against women, and the failure to pursue the peoples economic, political and social rights (as embodied in the modest UN Millenium Development Goals).In the face of such serious challenges, the Human Rights Watch (HRW) called for UN Member States to rise and assume the role of human rights defenders. Not the US, since HRW believes that the US has compromised itself by human rights violations in its campaign against terrorism and in the war in Iraq (for instance, secret prison camps and ill-treatment and torture of prisoners). Also not Russia or China, since as HRW pointed out, the two countries are themselves major human rights violators, especially the rights of political dissenters.The Human Rights Watch urged the European Union to assume the role since it is the worlds leading compendium of democracies, founded on a ECHR 4commitment to human rights and the rule of law. At the same time HRW chided the EU, stating that ascribable in part to structural problems and in part to a lack of political will, the European Unions underperformance on human rights has left a gaping leadership hole. (Roth, 2007)EU Waffling on Human Rights IssuesThe EU has do undeniable progress in setting up a European hu man rights system. Its Charter of organic Rights, adopted in 2002, has defined the comprehensive civil, political, economic and social rights of all European citizens and residents, covering the pursual concerns dignity, freedoms, equality, solidarity, citizens rights and justice. (Europa) Human rights, democracy and the rule of law are core values of the European Union. Embedded in its founding treaty, they have been reinforced by the adoption of a Charter of Fundamental Rights. Respect for human rights is a prerequisite for countries seeking to join the Union and a precondition for countries who have concluded softwood and other agreements with it. (European Parliament)The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) is empowered to hear cases filed by individuals who believe that their rights were violated

Broadcast TV Show - Family Guy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Broadcast TV Show - Family Guy - Research Paper display caseFamily Guy, for example, is an animated evening sitcom broadcast by the FOX network that celebrates the dysfunction of the American family that attempts to encourage more little thinking in social commentary.Generally, Family Guy presents the different adventures of an average American family that includes the four major roles within the dysfunctional family. The Griffin family consists of the overweight, mentally disadvantaged father Peter, his fallen deb wife Lois, their oldest son Chris, daughter Meg, infant son Stewie, and anthropomorphic pet dog Brian. Chris is almost as stupid as his father, but he takes on the role of the caretaker, the families social director or clown, comic the familys attention from pain and anger (Burney, 2008). Meg is the scapegoat, seen as the unathletic, not necessarily intellectual, slightly overweight, highly insecure, unpopular girl. Stewie is the genius of the family and is set up for the family hero role. Although hes an infant that no one else in the family seems to understand, he ceaselessly comes up with new inventions and ideas of how to eliminate his mother or to rule the world. His plans are sometimes stopped, sometimes joined, by Brian, the other intellectual member of the family and takes on the role of the lost child. Where Stewies motivations are generally childishly selfish, Brian has a more mature outlook and attempts to add reason back into the conversations. Unlike Stewie, Brian can be mum by the family. It is thought these types of shows are entertaining because they help us feel better about ourselves or our own dysfunctional families. All families have challenges and problems and sometimes very serious ones. And somehow, when we see them on film, I guess it somehow expiates our own troubles (Shapiro, 2008). To understand how the show both celebrates American dysfunction and attempts to encourage critical thought within social commentary, it is

An Intensive Care Unit Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

An Intensive C atomic number 18 Unit - Assignment ExampleMr X was being cared for in the intensive care unit (intensive care unit) of an urban hospital. One week after admission, the ICU nurse-in-charge of Mr Xs care noticed respiratory distress and fever of unknown origin. The nurse describe it to the attending physician and to the intensive care specialists. The intensive care specialists ordered a new CT scan to re-evaluate the status of the brain, the occipital skull base fracture, the post-operative cervical spine, the condition of the lungs, the abdomen for a possible outset of infection and a pelvis examination locating the sacral fracture and the right hip. Mr X was chosen as the case study subject primarily because of the alarming incidence of motorcycle accident planetary caught the interest of the author and wanted to delineate the multisystem effect of a motorcycle accident to the individual. Clarke, Ward, Bartle and Truman (2004) stated that motorcyclists are at the highest risk for accidents due to poor safety record and the estimated killed and serious injury rate in the UK per million vehicle kilometers is twice than a pedal cyclist and 16 times than car drivers and passengers (p. 6). foundation to the Intensive Care Unit An intensive care unit (ICU) refers to a hospital area that uses state-of-the-art technology and aggressive therapy both in invasive and noninvasive observe of critically-ill and high-risk patients (Varon and Acosta, 2010, p. 1). Continuous monitoring is necessary and physiological factors affecting the health status of the patient must be reported immediately and on a continuous basis to the attending physician in order to adjust and adopt the patients health needs. Patients older than 50 years old who suffered from cervical fracture puzzle a 26% mortality rate (Browner, Jupiter, Levine, Trafton, 2003, p. 868). Critical care is offered for patients in the intensive care units in providing advanced life support throug h modern technology.

Helen Essay Example for Free

Helen establish1. Helens responsibilities to each of the following groupsa. The Accounting Department and the University Helens responsibility to the Accounting Department and the University is to cover honour and pride. Every student is an emissary and a reflection of his or her alma mater.b. Other students in the human body and in the department- Helens responsibility to the other students in the class and in the department is to encourage truthfulness. be one of the top students, it is inevitable for the other students and the department to look up to her. c. Big Apple LLC-Helens responsibility to the Big Apple LLC is to uphold integrity, trust and loyalty. The accounting firm invited her to join them with the intention and commit to hire the best and well-suited person for the job.d. The professor of Accounting 544- Helens responsibility to the professor of Accounting 544 is to obligate credibility and respect to his teachings.e. Her bestfriend- Helens responsibility to her bestfriend is to promote trustworthiness. Someone who cannot be trusted with little cannot be trusted with much.f. Herself- Helens responsibility to herself is to defend her integrity. Cheating is simply a deception of ones self.2. From an integrity perspective, Helen should walk a course from the opportunity to take a copy of the final exam from the professors mailbox. Because once she gets caught, she might end up not graduating at all aside from alone losing her summa cum laude standing. In other words, she will get expelled. However, if she doesnt get caught, she might repeat again this mistake and ruining her integrity and somehow degrading her dignity as an accountant.3. If I were Helen and I present a goal of qualifying for summa cum laude, I would reconsider my priorities and curb term for some things that would not contribute to the attainment of my goal. I would rather consult my professors should I have a hard time dealing with my courses. I would devote more time to studying so as not to compromise the ethics that I stick by.4. Assuming that the Empire State University provides a $5,000 award to all students who ammonia alum summa cum laude, I will stand by my decision to uphold integrity. Because integrity is not something that you do today and forget tomorrow should the circumstances change. Integrity is the code of value that you stick by. Integrity is who you atomic number 18 no matter what.5. There should be a consequence for the student who provided the exam to Helen. Because the very propel of getting the exam from the professors mailbox is stealing and cheating.6. Should the Empire State University have an sinlessness code my answer would be the same. Because I personally believe in integrity and as Ive said in my previous answer (number 4) integrity is not something that you do today and forget tomorrow should the circumstances change.7. As a fellow student in Accounting 544 with Helen, I might whole tone cheated on and d isappointed if I found out about what she did. I might feel that way because I could have been doing things truthfully, looking up to her, and believing that she has done things honestly to get the highest academic honor only to find out that it should not be hers. It would simply be unfair to the class,disrespect to the professor, dishonour to the university, and wrong to accounting.

Fundamentals of Microeconomics Essay Example for Free

Fundamentals of Microeconomics EssayMacroeconomics defined as the study of the saving as a whole, which intromits inflation, unemployment, business cycles, and egression (Colander, G-5). There are many fundamentals that affect the parsimony in both a good and bad way. These fundamentals affect the economy, and they also show the growth of the economy. The fundamentals are blunt domestic product (GDP), real gross domestic product, nominal gross domestic product, unemployment score, inflation rate, and interest rate.Defining the fundamentalsGross Domestic Product is the total trade value of all final goods and run produced in an economy in a one- division rate of hang (Colander, G-3). GDP calculation is very important because it calculates the growth, decline, or stand still have the economy. When the GDP is calculate, it is beastly on old numbers not future numbers. For example, the GDP is +2%, which means a growth of 2% for the introductory year. Real Gross Domesti c Product (GDP) is the market value of final goods and services produced in an economy, stated in the equipment casualtys of the giver year (Colander, G-7). Real GDP is an inflation measure of the proceeds of goods and services in the economy. It reflects price changes finishedout the year. The real GDP is base to a greater extent on vivid numbers instead of a guess. The calculation is more accurate concerning the gross domestic product for the previous year. Nominal gross domestic product is calculate at existing prices.Nominal GDP does not reflect inflation and is known as current dollar GDP. Nominal GDP can any be higher or pull down than the GDP. When nominal GDP is calculate without reflecting inflation, which can show a higher growth in the economy when it is lower or at a standstill. Unemployment rate is the function of tribe in the economy who are willing and able to work scarce who are not working (Colander, G-9). The unemployment rate is calculate every month, an d it shows the people who are looking for work. This rate does not include individual like the elderly, people working only a few hours a week or people who do not send resumes into different business. The unemployment rate shows that based on the number of people in the United States, a certain percentage is actively looking for work but has not found work.Inflation Rate is the percentage rate of change in price over a certain period usually a year. The inflation rate is calculate using last year price for a particular item to determine how much it will cost. Inflation rate determines the price of many things that include the price of the dollar. When individual calculates the inflation rate, it can help others determine if it is better to acquire certain products today or later. Interest Rate is the price paid for the use of financial asset (Colander, G-4). Interest rate is a certain percentage that an individual has to pay on borrowing money or get something. The interest rate is base on the credit score and the item leverage. The rate can go from being a very low number to as high as 10 percent.Purchasing of GroceriesThe purchase of groceries affects government, households, and business daily. The government determines the tax placed when household purchase groceries. each household in the United States purchase groceries to survive. The businesses are affected by grocery purchase through the purchase. The business is affected by the purchases made because it shows what is being purchase more and what is being purchase less. The flow of resources take place in continues circular motion. The groceries are receive by the business from the local forage processing plants. The employees at the local business placed the items on the shelves and groceries are ready for sell. The household members purchase the groceries from the business and pay the taxes government placed on the items. This continues to take place daily and will ever so continue.Massive lay off of employeesThe flow of resources takes place, and it affects businesses in both good and bad ways. Most business can employee the previous laid-off employees to allow taxes to be paid. When businesses are not able to employ more employees, unemployed do not demand good and services. When employees are layoff, there is no income coming into the household. The household is affected because there is no income, which in return means less good and service that can be purchase. When monumental layoffs of employees take place in the economy, it affects government because they are paying unemployment benefits, Medicaid, and giving food stamps and more well-being to those eligible.Decrease in taxesWhen the government decides to decrease tax, it affects everyone differently. Government is affected in a good way, but it occurs in the long-run supply and demand curve. The government is losing more because taxes are lower but more money is being receive. In the long-run supply and demand , the government receives more money because the household is purchasing more good and services. The household is excite because more money is coming into the household because taxes are lower. The lower the tax, the more income, which mean more good and services are being purchase. Businesses are excite because more goods and services are being purchase. The flow of resources occurs and is affected in the long-run supply and demand curve.ReferencesColander, D.C. (2010). Macroeconomics (8th ed.) Boston, MA McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Chronicle of a Death Foretold Essay Example for Free

muniment of a Death Foretold EssayAnimals Humor, Symbolism, and other Literary Devices in Chronicle of a Death Foretold In Chronicle of a Death Foretold, the precedent, Gabriel Garcia Marquez, utilizes the motif of animals as symbols pigs for humorous humor, rabbits as foreshadowing, and many other animals to aid in description, characterization, and establishment of theme. ?Marquez uses pigs as motifs the tonic. He makes a big jam issue of the knives that Pablo and Pedro use while describing the hit.The Vicario twins went to the bin in the pigsty where they kept their sacrificial tools and picked out the two best knives ane for quartering, ten inches long and two and a fractional inches wide, and the other for trimming, 7 inches long and one and a half inches wide. They wrapped them in a rag and went to sharpen them at the meat market. Marquez past goes into great detail about how they argon pig knives used for killing pigs. This adds injure to injury for capital of Chile, being an Arab, thus being part of is a culture that considers pigs to be filthy.This is an example of the authors ironic style of humor. ?Marquez provides an additional bit of ironic humor while Nasar is being slaughtered during the murder guess. Trying to finish it once and for all, Pedro Vicario sought his heart, hardly he looked for it almost in the armpit, where pigs have it. This hike develops the cruel, ironic humor established by killing Nasar with pig knives, and is now being killed worry a pig as well. Another use of pigs in the novel occurs when the Vicarios insist on having the wedding at their home, and in doing so are forced to have the ceremony in the pigpen.The daughters would be married in the pigpen or they wouldnt be married at all The twins took the pigs off elsewhere and sanitized the pigsty with quicklime. The Arab culture considers pigs to be filthy creatures, so Marquez continues to play on this belief by using the pigsty as a metaphor for the im purity of the marriage. Additionally, the parents rely upon the brothers to clean up some(prenominal) before the marriage, and after its destroyed by their sisters untraditional actions, adding to the metaphor.Marquez also utilizes a rabbit similarly to the pig. Santiago walks into the kitchen for breakfast where Victoria Guzman, had been quartering three rabbits for lunch. Victoria Guzman couldnt avoid a wave of fright as she remembered Santiago Nasars horror when she pulled out the insides of a rabbit by the roots and threw the steaming guts to the dogs. In this scene not only is Marquez is foreshadowing the killing of Nasar, but hes also using irony to emphasize details of his violent and cruel demise.Marquez then adds to additional irony by showing Nasars opposition to this treatment of living or exanimate involvements when Guzman wonders how a man accustomed to killing defenseless animals could suddenly express such horror She went on feeding the dogs with the insides of t he other rabbits, just to embitter Santiago Nasars breakfast. The emotions expressed by Nasar in this scene add to his and Victoria Guzmans characterization Nasars opposition to violence, and Guzmans hidden despise for Nasar.Dogs are also a motif used by Marquez in Chronicle of a Death Foretold. one and only(a) of the world-class scenes that Marquez utilizes the dogs in is the previously mentioned scene with Victoria Guzman feeding the guts of the rabbits to the dogs. But before she does this, Nasar tells her with regards to her actions, male parentt be a savage Make believe it was a human being. This scene foreshadows Nasars killing, but then Marquez uses the dogs in a similar way on rascal 73, after the genuine killing has occurred The dogs, aroused by the smell of death, increased the uneasiness.They hadnt stopped howling since I the narrator went into the house, when Santiago Nasar was free in his death throes in the kitchen and I found Divina Flor weeping in great howl s and attribute them off with a stick. Help me, she shouted to me. What they want is to eat his guts. The parallels between the two scenes add to the ironic humor Marquez creates. The dogs are often also used as a motif for the people in the town, especially regarding to their gossip and the way word spreads.As the Vicario brothers are leaving their house to sharpen their knives in preparation for killing Nasar, they left by way of the pigpen gate, with their knives unwrapped, trailed by the uproar of the dogs in the yards. Its as if the dogs are people gossiping and spreading the word that Nasar is to be killed. This motif continues on summon 67, where The dogs barked at Santiago Nasar as usual when they heard him come in, but he calmed them down in the half light with the tinkling of his keys. In this instance its as if people have the intent of type Nasar, but nobody seems to be able to, and the word is continuing to spread to everyone but him. The dogs also meet the popula tion when they are aroused by the smell of death. The people throughout the study get stirred up with the idea of a murder, and while many are opposed to the actual act of killing Nasar, they still find excitement in the event and act in accordance with their feelings they spread the word like wildfire, nobody takes time to warn Nasar until it is too late, and then they gather to watch the act.They treat the entire thing like some exciting, thrilling event, not like a tragic and cruel act, as one would expect. They act like dogs with their animalistic group reactions to the events that take place. Marquez sums up these animalistic reactions on the last scallywag of the book, as Nasar is walking through the neighbors house carrying his entrails. Poncho Lanao, the neighbor, recalls the terrible smell of shit. This recollection carries two related meanings. The first being the entire event smelled good-for-naught. It showed a terrible side of human behavior and leaves bad impress ions on people who hear of it.This relates to the second, which comes abide to people acting like animals. Animals are often expound as smelling bad, or like shit, and from the way Nasar was killed to the way the people in the story acted, this entire event was extremely animalistic. Birds, in particular falcons, are also a motif in the story. In the dedication of Chronicle of a Death Foretold there is a quote from Gil Vicente, The pursuit of cheat is like falconry. This could mean that like in falconry, where the falcon learns to accept its role under its master, a adult female moldiness learn to accept its role as wife and lover under her husband.This belief, however, is one of tradition, and this novel is constantly bringing into question whether or not tradition is good or bad, right or wrong. This quote could also mean that it is up to somebody to go out and find a able lover, one will not just show up, just as a falconer must go out and seek a falcon. Another use of the falcon is on page 65, where the narrator, a friend of Nasars, warns him he should not sleep with Maria Alejandro Cervantes, someone who slept with many men his age. He tells Nasar, A falcon who chases a warlike crane can only hope for a life of pain. This is over again relating the falcon to love.This time, however, the falcon is the one doing the pursuing. Santiagos friend is warning him that should he choose to be with this woman who sleeps with many men, he can expect to be hurt as a result. besides to the falcon, Marquez uses a hawk to characterize Nasar. When Nasar grabs Divina Flor in the front room, Marquez describes his hand as the butcher hawk hand. This goes back to the falcon motif with love. The description of Nasar as a hawk again is used on page 90 He was a sparrow hawk. He went about alone, just like his father, nipping the bud of any wayward virgin who began showing up in those woods. This similar to the last, compares Nasar to a hawk, a vulturine animal that survives by preying on helpless animals. Nasar is being described as a man who goes from virgin to virgin, taking advantage of them, but never actually engaging in extended relationships with any of them. Gabriel Garcia Marquez uses animals as motifs frequently throughout Chronicle of a Death Foretold to aid in his establishment of theme, characterization, emphasis of events, foreshadowing, and as means of humor. He utilizes a variety of animals, in particular the pig, rabbit, and birds to carry out this variety of literary functions.

Cbs Tells Sodastream to Revise Brand-Bashing Super Bowl Essay Example for Free

Cbs Tells Sodastream to Revise Brand-Bashing top-notch Bowl EssayEvery year, the super Bowl attracts some of the high hat and most high-priced advertising in the world. But it also lures a horde of publicity-seekers claiming their commercials have been criminalise or rejected by the host network. In nearly all cases, the complaining marketers never truly had a shot at the Super Bowl, thanks to shoddy production values, truly objectionable heart and soul and, more often than not, the inability to pony up more than $3 million for an ad. And its a ordinary occurrence for the network to ask event sponsors to tweak or edit the content for a frame of reasons (which also can yield a PR bonanza if a sponsor cries foul proficient ask serial offender GoDaddy. com). But SodaStream, a mainstream advertiser that some time ago purchased a spot in the games fourth quarter, said this wasnt a PR gambit. So whats the issue? The content of its mean commercial seemed to have concerned CBS because it was a direct hit at two other Super Bowl sponsors and heavy network TV advertisers Coke and PepsiSodaStream, which sells home soda-making machines, has already run afoul of governing in the U.K. for a Bogusky-crafted spot indicating its product is more environmentally friendly than established sodas the spot shows brand bottles and cans of soft drinks exploding into thin air. For the Super Bowl, it hoped to up the ante with a spot depicting truck drivers draped in clothing with Coca-Cola and Pepsi marks on them, according to Ilan Nacasch, SodaStreams chief marketing officer. We really tried to adopt with the standards set by CBS, he said. At the same time, he added, We were taking it to a new train, and thats the level where they apparently judged to be going too far. Interestingly enough, Pepsi has scored big points with viewers over the years by showing Super Bowl ads with Coke deliverymen abandoning their employer wholesale for a sip of a Pepsi drink.Of course, Pe psi (and, for that matter, Coke) buys multiple ads in the Super Bowl each year, as well as spends millions of dollars on other broadcast-TV advertising. Another Super Bowl sponsor, Anheuser-Busch InBev with Pepsi this year for in-store displays and promotions. A CBS spokeswoman said network executives declined to comment. Bummed, Mr. Bogusky, famous for his work at CPB still in the game with an older spot we tweaked.

Birth Control in Schools Essay Example for Free

Birth overcome in Schools EssaySchools atomic number 18 the one institution in our society regularly viewed by most young people-nearly 95% of all youth aged 5 to 17 years atomic number 18 enrolled in elementary or substitute(prenominal) schools (National Center for Education Statistics, 1993). Large percentage of youth attend schools for years before they encounter familiar risk-taking behaviors and a majority is enrolled at the time they initiate intercourse. well(p) as youth in communities with elevated rates of poverty and accessible unaw atomic number 18ness atomic number 18 more than likely to become pregnant so youth in schools with postgraduate rates of poverty and social inadequacy are also more likely to become pregnant. In particular, when female teens attend schools with high percentages of dropout rates and with higher rates of school vandalism they are more likely to become pregnant. The miss of opportunity and greater disorganization in some minority communities in this country, teens in schools with higher percentages of minority students are also more likely to gull higher pregnancy rates than teens in schools with pull down percentages of minority(Manlove, 1998)..Students in these studies, it is often difficult to distinguish the impact of school character from the impact of the community characteristics in which they reside. Social scientists and educators have suggested a wide variety of explanations for how schools reduce awakenual risk-taking behavior. Some of their explanations have spy research supporting them, while others are credible, but lack supporting research. For example, educators concerned with adolescent sexual behavior have suggested that1. Schools structure students time and limit the amount of time that students freighter be and if and engage in sex. 2. Schools attach interaction with and attachment to adults who discourage risk-taking behavior of any kind (e.g., sum of money use, sexual risk-taki ng, or accident-producing behavior). More generally, they create an environment which discourages risk-taking. 3. Schools affect selection of friends and larger peer groups that are definitive to them. Because peer norms about sex and contraception signifi tail endtly influence teens behavior, this impact on schools may be substantial.However, just how schools affect selection of friends and peers is not clearly understood. 4. Schools can increase belief in the future and help youth plan for higher pedagogics and careers. Such planning may increase the motivation to obviate early childbearing. As noted above, multiple studies demonstrate that educational and career ambition are related to use of contraception, pregnancy, and childbearing. 5. Schools can increase students self-esteem, sense of competence, and communication and refusal skills. These skills may help students avoid unprotected sex.Despite the growing strength of the abstinence movement across the country, large maj orities of adults favor charge up and AIDS education that includes discussions of condoms and contraceptives. For example, a 1998 poll of American adults found that 87% design birth take in should be come up toed (Rose Gallup, 41-53), a 1998 poll found that 90% of adults thought condoms should be covered (Haffner Wagoner, 22-23)and another(prenominal) 1999 poll found that 82% of adults believed all aspects of sex education including birth verify and safer sex should be taught . (Hoff, Greene, McIntosh, Rawlings, DAmico, 2000).Given both the want for effective educational classs and public support for such programs, schools have responded. check to a 1999 home(a) survey of school teachers in grades 7 to 12, about 93% of their schools offered sexuality or human immunodeficiency virus education (Darroch, Landry, Singh, 204-211, 265). Of those schools teaching any topics in sexuality education, between 85% and 100% include instruction on consequences of teenage parenthood, STD, HIV/AIDS, abstinence, and ways to resist peer pressure to have sex. amongst 75% and 85% of the schools provided instruction about puberty, dating, sexual abuse, and birth control methods. Teachers reported that the most important messages they wanted to convey were about abstinence and responsibility.During the same year, survey results from a second survey of teachers and students in grades 7 to 12 were completed (Hoff et al., 2000). Their results were similar to the study above. They revealed that at least 75% of the students and similar percentages of the teachers indicated the following(a) topics were covered in their instruction basics of reproduction, STD and HIV/AIDS, abstinence, dealing with pressures to have sex, and birth control.Despite the concomitant that most adolescents receive at least a minimum amount of sexuality or HIV education, it is widely believed by professionals in the field that most programs are short, are not comprehensive, fail to cover some impo rtant topics, and are less effective than they could be (Britton, deMauro, Gambrell, 1-8 Darroch, Landry, Singh, 2000 Gambrell Haffner, 1993 Hoff, et al., 2000). For example, both surveys of teachers discussed above found that only half to two thirds of the teachers covered how to use condoms or how to get and use birth control. there is genuinely little information about the extent to which sex- and HIV-education curriculum have been found to be effective and are implemented with fidelity in additional schools. However, considerable unreliable information indicates few schools implemented the lessons. on that point is a widely held belief that schools have established a foundation for programs, but that effective programs need to be implementing more broadly and with greater dedication throughout the country.I want to take you dorsum to when I was a teenager and how I personally can relate to the same choices and decisions our teenagers is face with today, in my personal expe rience My boyfriend and I had our sex talk we decide I should go to my niggle and talk to her about some form of birth control, her response was no. there was no explanation, no reasoning, and no questions ask about why I want to go on it. It was simply no The end result I have 21yrs old. Im not saying that we made the best choice because I still had an option to use a condom and contraceptives.Todays teenagers resources are plentiful, they can go to cook county hospital, they have Planned Parenthood and there topical anaesthetic clinic in there neighborhood and now they have program that are being implemented in their high schools. Children, who do not have supported parents, can not talk to their parents. I want to bring in another aspect as to what can happen when you do not enforce communication about birth control, sex and consequences with your teenager, as you hit the sack Im a grandmother I wouldnt trade my granddaughter in for anything in the world. Not enforcing the use of contraceptive, I tonicity one of the reasons that I became a grandmother in my thirty. because I did not get as gnarled with my son as I should have after he inform me that he was sexually active.The high Schools offer them open lines of communication and provide a safe atmosphere in which allows them to express their thought as to why they are there in the first place. Its possible it can induce to single parenthood and a high drop out rate. Pregnancy among teenagers is continuing to rise condescension a 40 million Government campaign to reduce the problem, while sexually transmitted diseases are reaching epidemic levels. The Royal College of Nursing revealed that increasing numbers of teenagers are indulging in sex and even taking part in orgies called daisy chaining.The section for Education and Skills has admitted that 66 out of 150 local education authorities have at least one school based health improvement in their area providing advice, access to or direct provisi on of contraception. You have statistics on birth control and personal experience wouldnt you rather your teenager be knowledgeable than not?BiliographyBritton, P. O., DeMauro, D., Gambrell, A. E. HIV/AIDS education SIECUS study on HIV/AIDS education for schools finds states make progress, but work remains. SIECUS Report, 21(1), 1-8 (1992) Chandy, J. M., Harris, L., Blum, R. W., Resnick, M. D. Female adolescents of intoxicant misusers Sexual behaviors. journal of Youth and Adolescence, 23, 695-709 (1994) Darroch, J. E., Landry, D. J., Singh, S. Changing emphases in sexuality education in U.S. pubic secondary schools, 1988-1999. Family Planning Perspectives, 32, 204-211, 265 (2000) Gambrell, A. E., Haffner, D. Unfinished business A SIECUS assessment of state sexuality education programs. New York SIECUS (1993) Haffner, D., Wagoner, J. capacious majority of Americans support sexuality education. SIECUS Report, 27(6), 22-23 (1999) Hoff, T., Greene, L., McIntosh, M., Rawlings, N. , DAmico, J. Sex education in America A series of national surveys of students, parents, teachers, and Jones 8principals. Menlo Park, CA The Kaiser Family Foundation. (2000) Manlove, J. The influence of high school dropout and school disengagement on the risk of school-age pregnancy. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 8, 187-220 (1998) National Center for Education Statistics. Digest of Education Statistics, 1993. Washington, DC US Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement. (1993) Rose, L. C., Gallup, A. M. The 30th annual Phi Delta Kappa/Gallup Poll of the publics attitudes toward the public schools. Phi Delta Kappan, Sept., 41-53 (1998, September) Singh S. Adolescent pregnancy in the United States An interstate analysis. Family Planning Perspectives, 18, 210-220 (1986)

To My Best Friend Essay Example for Free

To My Best Friend EssayI rightful(prenominal) wanted to tell you that I am so glad that we became friends. I do stimulate friends that I could tell anything and non be judged but you are different you are an exception. You are my sister, maybe not by blood but definitely by destiny. You love me for me, and I love you for you, no talk terms or explanations needed. give thanks you for ever so being close to me even when we are in infract schools and separate stages of life. I know we take int have the same interests most of the time and maybe we dont hang out(p) as much anymore. You hang out with your friends I hang out with my friends but thank you for not letting us be awkward and distant by facts deal distance or time or interest. convey you for neer giving up on our friendship, for never shrugging and being like Things change, people change and suddenly drifting away. We can go days, weeks, months, even a year without talking to each other are still able to be c lose.When we do ultimately see each other again, its as if weve just seen each other the day before. We each(prenominal) get distant to a certain degree when we make huge transitions but you didnt let me get very far because you knew what was truly important. You never got mad when I didnt contact you for weeks because I was too busy being someones lady friendfriend, but you were right there to pick up my heart-splinters when things probably shatter. give thanks you for believing in me when I was too weak and exhausted to believe in myself. Thank you for not judging me when I did something really stupid, but also thanks for telling me I was an idiot and probably shouldnt have done the stupid thing. Thank you for always being honest. Thank you for believing me when everyone was against me. I dont have to state what that problem was I know you know.Thank you for judging me at first but also thanks for finally believing in me when things were clear. Thank you for not letting that i ncident shatter our friendship. Thank you for loving me even though most were not there for me. Let others say what they want to say. You can never please everybody you just have to boot out them wrong by being you. Let your revenge be your sweetest smile and dont look out on to their level to prove your worth. Just bear in mind that we, especially your mom and dad, will always accept you for who you are.You dont have to put on a mask for us to take account you. We know you are special and how important you are. Always remember, I will always love you no matter what happens. Whatever your family background is, what your past love lives were, no matter who you are and what you become, Ill always be your sister. I will never leave you, AV Barrios. Thanks for all the great memories, keen-sighted talks, and laughs. Thanks for being there through my ups and downs. Thanks for being the best friend a girl could have. Thanks for being true, and thanks for being YOU. You are truly the bes t friend I have ever had.

Lord of the Flies - Darkness of a Mans Heart Essay Example for Free

Lord of the travel Darkness of a Mans Heart EssayOriginally published in 1954, William Goldings _Lord of the Flies_ has become one of the classics of contemporary literature. The novel is around a group of young boys stranded alone on an island and left to fend for themselves. In an approach to model their previous foundation without the influence of adults, the order that had once existed soon decays and is replaced by the chaos that destroys their staged and civilised cultures. Though fictional, _Lord of the Flies_ deals with deep moral questions of how mans are essentially barbaric in their intimately primitive state. Golding conveys his idea of the tail of a mans heart successfully through effective use of allegory, symbolism, and his perceptual experience of a dystopian society._Lord of the Flies_ can be viewed as a political allegory of the Cold state of war. Golding served in the Royal Navy and recalling later his war experiences, he remarked that man produces pestiferous, as a bee produces honey. The Cold War was a struggle between two super power ideologies Democracy and Communism, signified by Ralph and diddlysquat respectively. Near the close of the novel, the boys are rescued by a naval commander who came ashore in his boat whilst the boys were playing savages. The irony is that after he brings the boys home, the naval commander leave return to ocean and engage in a further larger game of violence called war.Thus, Golding makes a usher that the island is a microcosmic representation of the conflict between democracy and communism in the war. When the boys are first abandon on the island, they behave like children, alternating between enjoying their freedom and expressing profound homesickness and fear. By the end of the novel, save, they reflect the warlike behaviour of the Home Counties, attacking, torturing and murdering one another without hesitation or regret due(p) to the lack of government and order. Ralph weeps for t he end of innocence and the darkness of a mans heart (p 248) upon reunification with the real world and realisation that evil lurks in spite of appearance all human beings.Symbolism plays a major role in _Lord of the Flies_. Through the rich use of symbolism, Golding reveals that humans detached from societys rules allow themselves to be dominated by the evil within them. The Lord of the Flies and the Beast are two major symbols that enforce the Goldings idea of the darkness in a mans heart. They are not really physical characters, but rather the evil in every human being.Simon is the first one on the island to realise and thus makes a proposal. What I think about ismaybe its only us. (p 111)Simon speaks these words in Chapter 5, during the meeting in which the boys discuss the existence of the beast. Although the other boys muzzle off Simons suggestion that the beast may be only us, Simons words are central to Goldings point that innate human evil exists.Simons idea of the darkn ess of a mans heart is reinforced in Chapter 8, when he confronts the Lord of the Flies. There isnt anyone to help you. Only me. And Im he Beast. (p 177) These words spoken by the Lord of the Flies confirm Simons speculation that perhaps the beast is only the boys themselves and acknowledges that it exists in all human beings. This is backed up further with The Lord of the Flies adoption of the boys rather colloquial language, Im the reason why its no go? (p 177) As the story progresses, the boys begin to worship the beast and make offerings to it. The appreciation for the beast is paralleled by the mensuration of savagery in the group. Through the use of symbolism, Golding successfully illustrates his theme of natural savagery within humans.The impression of a dystopian society can be seen clearly through _Lord of the Flies._ Golding sees moral behaviour as something that civilisation forces upon the individual rather than being a natural element. The novel implies that the insti nct of savagery is far more primal and fundamental to human beings than the instinct of civilisation.The impression of a dystopian society within _Lord of the Flies_ is enhanced by Goldings rich and dark writing style.During the early chapters of the novel, the setting was depicted as almost a utopia, Ralph stood, one hand against a grey trunk, and screwed up his eyes against the shimmering water (p 14), yet however is juxtaposed with dystopian qualities, Behind this was the darkness of the forest proper and the open space of the scar. This creates a virtuoso offoreshadowing which eventually leads on to the corruption and deterioration of the boys civilisation. With the absence of civilisation, the boys are left to fend on their own with minimal resources andtherefore naturally reverting cruelty, savagery, and barbarism._Lord of the Flies_ shut up holds relevance to readers in this day as it addresses issues regarding the human condition and society. These issues will be as relev ant today as they were hundreds of years ago and will still be relevant in the future. As for allegory, the novel represents the differences in political systems, systems that are still part of our lives today. If we scrape off the cover of civilisation, we are all beasts within.Through use of allegory, symbolism and a excogitation of dystopia, Golding conveys that the absence of a civilisation is able to reduce humanity to a natural state of barbarism.In conclusion, _Lord of the Flies_ good explores the darkness of a mans heart.

Encryptions Essay Example for Free

Encryptions EssayIn this plow I ease up discussed that the encryption technology is necessary for citizens to protect their privacy and security when using figurer networks. Otherwise, medical records, credit card numbers, trade secrets, as well as personal communications relayed oer computer networks be not safe from prying eyes. Also I dumbfound presented an arguments in elevate of encryption that it offers a method of denying access to adversaries, improves security by protecting against spoofing, offers a device for retrieve costs plus imposing fees and protects snobby DGPS providers from government competition. Furthermore I have also explained well-nigh arguments against encryption that to put into practice it would potentially weaken U. S. leadership in GPS by encouraging internationalist augmentations that lacked encryption, need a multifaceted key management infrastructure, need a major redesign and growing endeavor, causing delays and escalating costs to the government, make innovative safety risks if the key management system failed, mainly in an emergency. Thus the transaction costs imposed by encryption would have to be balanced against the benefits evaluate. admittance Encryption software enciphers data sent over computer networks, in order that plainly hoi polloi with special information for instance a secret key can read the plaintext of the heart. The key is a string of numbers. The longer the string, the harder it is to break. In January 2000 the Department of Commerce announced new encryption export policy. chthonic the new system, U. S. companies may export any encryption product around the world to private-sector end users or commercialised firms after a one-time technical review.Encryption products that the Bureau of Export Administration (BXA) determines fall into the kinsfolk of retail encryption commodities and software can be exported to anyone. In determining which products fit the meaning, the BXA will think ab out the products function, sales volume, plus distribution methods. Publicly available source code may be exported with no technical review. The relaxation of export simplicitys on products planned for e-commerce merchants, financial institutions, and others is a step in the right direction.However problems remain. First, the publicly available or sales volume tests doom U. S. companies to lag dirty dog foreign cryptographers in offering innovative encryption products. No pioneer product is so furthermost publicly available or has a large sales volume. The revised encryption rules thitherfore allay permit foreign cryptographers to take the lead in developing new crypto products. Second, any encryption products have to be submitted for a technical review before release. This means that encryption will not be built into most mass-market products.For instance, it would make sense to construct an encryption option into a standard e-mail program. However, building encryption into an e-mail program would mean that the e-mail program could not be exported without a long, uncertain technical review. To stay away from the technical review, companies are probable to leave out the encryption function. Network security will carry on to suffer for the reason that encryption will not be built into mass-market products like e-mail or word processing programs.Third, the condition that encryption products be submitted for review before release violates the First Amendment. In April 2000 the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals established that encryption source code is speech protected by the First Amendment. The obligation that encryption products be reviewed antecedent to release is a prior restraint on speech. Those problems with encryption export controls are extensively recognized. The alternatives to the controls, though, have barely been examined, with the exception of key escrow, or key recovery. Mainly, it is wrong to bar anyone from using nonescrow encryption to glid e by when he has done nothing wrong. Demands for obligatory key escrow constitute an unparalleled power grab on the part of police force enforcement officials. The police have always had the right, restricted by the Fourth Amendment, to intercept private communications and read them, if they could. The police have never had the right to demand that people change the spoken communication in which they communicate to make themselves easier to understand. There are further alternatives to encryption regulations for law enforcement.They comprise change magnitude use of informants and other surveillance technologies for instance the planting of physical bugs or devices such as Tempest, which allows law enforcement to read the screen of a computer through walls or doors. Encryption export controls essential be lifted without qualification. GPS-related cryptographic A GPS-related cryptographic system can be used for two reasons demurrer of the point to unauthorized users, as well as protection of the message itself to, prevent alterations or the origination of a substitute message. The former makes a vital portion of the message unavailable to non-authorized users.In military machine schemes preservation of a one-sided advantage may be of interest in a commercial setting the capability to eliminate nonpaying users is essential to collect revenue. Authenticating the message through use of an encrypted signature gormandize that may both authenticate the sender of the message and confirm the contents is consistent with application in the civil government sector, where making sure integrity of the message is significant. In a DGPS context, encryption exponent be inserted at one of several points in the transmission of the signal to the user.Encryption may subscribe the uplink in a satellite relay, the original messages to the satellite, also the command functions on the satellite. Or encryption exponent protect the signature region of a message that points ou t its authenticity and the integrity of the main message payload. A third option might be to encrypt the complete message. Other variants comprise encrypting merely selective portions of the message. Throughout the hearing, there was disagreement over how multifaceted the key management infrastructure needful to be.The underlying policy question was how protected and dependable the encryption must be. As Dr. Denning put it, in any encryption, something must remain secret. (Bruce Schnier, 1994). For some proprietary algorithms, no keys need to be distributed, and this is generally nice for commercial systems for instance cable TV and the DGPS providers. If an open algorithm is used, keys and a related key management system are required to gain international acceptance. The desired future of electronic, over-the-air rekeying is not yet here.In the case of military systems, both keys as well as classified algorithms are used. There are a number of technical approaches that might be taken to encrypting the signals for local- and wide-area DGPS applications using private-key and Public-key encryption schemes. A a couple of(prenominal) schemes involve over-the-air rekeying devices to enable/disable the capability of specific units to receive messages. Other schemes involve comparatively undecomposable authentication mechanisms that would not have to be tied to individual units and would depend on the capability to avoid alteration or forging of a message.As one would think, trying to deny signals to end-users is an involved process from the point of view of managing keys and of keeping track of which unit belongs to which person or group. Nonetheless, if the goal is to permit control of the use of a signal rather than, say, prevention of reception of the signal by cutting of transmissions in a given area, then one is forced to these more elaborate schemes. (Simon Garfinkel, 1995) The objective of encryption must be decided before selecting a particular approac h.If the main goal is authenticating the message and preventing false messages, there is no need to go to the expense and intricacy of a system that refutes the fundamental message by encrypting the entire message stream. If encrypting the stream in the future is desired, it may be appropriate to use a more complicated scheme as long as the possible future benefits are expected to offset related costs and possible opposition. The intricacy of denial-focused approaches plus the apparition of selectively controlling the signal will make incentives for alternative standards and systems outside of U. S. control.

Business Law Essay Example for Free

Business Law EssayAn agreement must(prenominal) contain quadruplet essential ingredients to be regarded as a bid. These four elements are flip, acceptance, Intention of legal consequences, and consideration. If any single of them is missing, the agreement will not be legally binding. An offer is defined as the manifestation of the willingness to interpose into a bargain so made as to justify an other person in understanding that his assent to the bargain is invited and will conclude it. There must be a definite, clearly verbalize offer to do aroundthing. An offer does not include ball park estimates, requests for proposals, expressions of interest, or letters of intent. An offer will lapse when the time for acceptance expires, if the offer is withdrawn before it is accepted, or after a reasonable time in the circumstances (generally the greater the value of the focus, the longer the life of the offer). Only what is offered coffin nail be accepted. This means that the offer must be accepted exactly as offered without conditions. If any parvenu terms are suggested this is regarded as a counter offer which can be accepted or rejected.There can be many offers and counter offers before there is an agreement. It is not important who makes the final offer, it is the acceptance of that offer that brings the negotiations to an end by establishing the terms and conditions of the contract. Acceptance can be given verbally, in writing, or inferred by action which clearly indicates acceptance (performance of the contract). In any case, the acceptance must align to the method prescribed by the offerer for it to be effective. A contract requires that the parties intend to enter into a legally binding agreement.That is, the parties entering into the contract must intend to create legal dealings and must understand that the agreement can be enforced by law. The intention to create legal relations is presumed, so the contract doesnt have to expressly state t hat you understand and intend legal consequences to follow. If the parties to a contract decide not to be legally bound, this must be clearly stated in the contract for it not to be legally enforceable. In order for a contract to be binding it must be supported by valuable consideration. Consideration consists of either a benefit to the promisor or a detriment to the promisee.That is to say, one companionship promises to do something in return for a promise from the other party to provide a benefit of value (the consideration). Consideration is what each party gives to the other as the agreed price for the others promises. Usually the consideration is the payment of money but it need not be it can be anything of value including the promise not to do something, or to refrain from exercising some right. The payment doesnt need to be a fair payment. The courts will not intervene where one party has made a hard bargain unless fraud, duress or unconscionable conduct is involved.When the re is a breach of contract, an unexcused failure to perform, the other party is usually given restoration, rather than specific performance. The rules of damages vary, but are usually intended to make the injured party whole. A party who was mantic to be remunerative something for that partys performance regains the amount of the payment due, if the performance has been rendered. A party who was supposed to get something of value sometimes gets the difference between the price agreed and the market price. Or, if the party has already paid the paying party sometimes gets the money back.

Augusta and Ncwo Essay Example for Free

capital of primary(prenominal)e and Ncwo EssayThis report analyses the typeface study about Augusta field of study Golf Club and NCWO battle for admitting female rank and file. Mainly, this report will examine and identify the conference traits and flaws that stinkpot be found in this subject field study and will provide solutions and what should be through rather than taking a stand on who is right and wrong. Therefore, completely the communications between Augustas Chairman, Mr. Johnson, NCWOs Chairwoman, Ms. Burk, the CEOs of Sponsor companies, the Augusta members and the media were researched and studied. Furthermore, this report mainly uses secondary data such as newspaper obligates and journals to support the arguments and ideas. Moreover, the core purposes of this report is to evaluate the interactions and point out some communication steering factors and flaws from this dispute, set it as an example and provide solutions to be improved in the future business co mmunication. Main body Augusta, the private golf club Augusta is the private golf club which its culture and membership are mainly reflected on its prestige and exclusiveness.Moreover, members of Augusta get hitched with the club to satisfy mutual interests and to realize the social needs and the need for self-esteem such as being a part of the highly regarded golf club in the country. Because it is a private club, it holds its legal rights to choose its own members. (Peraino, 2002). Furthermore, the club all the way specified the club (team) norms (obligation, preference and prohibition) such as members are required to sign an agreement not to speak about the club and have to withhold the membership information to the outsiders. Saporito). Therefore, Augusta organizational authorization mountain be identified as a bureaucratic control system where the Chairman, Mr. Johnson has the ultimate superpower to dominate the clubs affairs. NCWO On the some former(a) hand, the NCWOs s ole purpose is to promote women rights and members join the committee to achieve security and satisfy their mutual interests. As you can see from the case, Ms. Burk, the chair of NCWO ordinarily do the decision making for the committee.Although the decision making criteria are not formally discussed in the case or in the media (newspaper articles), we can assume that NCWO lacks the logical decision making process in groups such as orientation, discussion, decision making and implementation. Also, in his article Munching (2002) states that she (Burk) forgot to ask herself one question What women want to do? which clarify the lack of communication between members of the group and its chair. The dispute The offensive approach and the vulgar feedbackIt can be seen in the case that without deeply analysing the situation, Ms. Burk took an offensive approach demanding and insisting on female membership, origin mainly on the speech about inclusion of women in Augusta by Mr. Lloyd Ward. Moreover, Augustas Chair, Mr. Johnson also gave a vulgar feedback to this demand which sparks into a dispute of gender issue. Moreover, negative impressions between them were make on limited information and stereotyping where Burk is seems as the trouble maker and Johnson as the rigid discriminator.Therefore, this miscommunication and poor deed of messages led to unnecessary conflicts and self-importance of the two corresponding Chairs. The Sponsors, members and Burk When the direct demand fails, Burk took the indirect persuasion and logical argument approach through the Augustas sponsors for its prime planet, the Masters. She aggregationed to CEOs of sponsor companies like Citigroup, IBM, Coca-cola, Cadillac and CBS using generalisation and cause-effect race methods of arguments to boycott the Masters.For example, she praised their stance in gender discrimination within their firm and point out the assertable public opinion in the involvement with the Masters. However, only Citigroup and Coca-cola agreed to help her and these decisions can be seen as corporate social responsibility to raise their public images. On the other hand, others remain neutral to bend uncertainties involving in the dispute. Moreover, she turns to persuade the members of Augusta, who are highly regarded CEOs of the corporate world.However, with them she used the illegitimate methods of arguments such as appeal to the masses and ad hominem whereby she threatens them and their organization by claiming to reveal the membership list and the daily anecdotes of gender discriminations in their (members) companies. (2005). For instance, it is noted in Perainos (2002) article that she told Newsweek that Weve already done quite a bit on the public-embarrassment front. In addition, she even tried to convince Tiger Wood not to participate in the Masters but he too was criticized for suggesting that Augusta has a right to its exclusionary policies (Gutner, 2002).Therefore, one can clear s ee from the case study that Burk used many deductive logics and generalisations in influencing and communicating with the sponsors, the members and the players. Burk and Johnson From the start, Mr. Johnson strongly showed his assertiveness as well as his aggressiveness for his club and its membership rules. However, one can recognize the cognitive dissonances from Mr. Johnsons feedbacks and replies where he imposed denials and unwillingness to change the traditional rules and culture.Moreover, this effect can also be found in Saporitos article, as he booted the Masters sponsorsCitigroup, Coca-Cola and IBMso the companies wouldnt face criticism by association and adopted the commercial free move. In addition, Johnson and Burk took hold of some perceptual biases against each other and some of these are selective perception where some(prenominal) of them ignored each others rational reasons. Furthermore, stereotyping can clearly be seen between them where they posed each other as thre ats and arch enemies. cobblers last and results In conclusion, one can identify more communication flaws than the benefits in his case. This is mainly because the poor utilization of appropriate communication features and the channels used to communicate, for example, Burk main communication channel with her advocates and opponents is through letters. Moreover, narcissism and egotism also got involved later in the dispute where both of the Chairs started to address and confront each other comments and feedback harshly rather than solving the dispute. (Munching, 2002). As a result, Johnson acquired victory by reasoning through stimulus generalisation and analogy among private clubs and sororities claiming its legal rights to choose its own members.The dispute between Mr. Johnson (Augusta Golf Club) and Ms. Burk (NCWO) is very phenomenal in indicating miscommunications between two unfriendly organizations. As for the recommendations for this case, since the start, both parties shou ld use more subtle and cultured approaches to address the problem to each other and discuss in person how to compromise the situation. For example, Shiflett (2003) implies in his article that Augusta never meant to discriminate and it is only following its highly constructed social role as an all male-club.Moreover, they should utilize more lateral thinking, avoid what is right and wrong and conclude to the best realizable solution. In addition, Burk should change her persuasion techniques towards more features-benefits mix and should drop her deductive logic on women rights and organizations. Furthermore, both of them should leave out their egotisms and stereotypical perceptions when dealing with the gender issue. On the other hand, while confronting with the members she should shows cause-effect relationships of their inaction and argues upon their specialized reasoning. Munching, 2002). As for Mr. Johnson reactions, he should be more aware on the public images of the club and its members. Moreover, Augustas individual orientation of culture should swap with a more collective one where all stakeholders can give out their opinions. Last but not least, the channels used for communication in this case should be changed into more personal and face to face like personal meetings or through telephone. This was even suggested by Tiger Wood that theyd sit down together and all would be firm. (Munching, 2002).

The Persuading Effects Of Media

The Persuading Effects Of MediaThe crowd together media in the Philippines, being the universal source of information, contri thates a corking decide on our thinking and behavior. This termination paper pull up stakes center on more(prenominal) or less the impact of media coverage on picks and how it persuades the electorates behavior. My purpose is to explore the set up of mass media on governmental superpower in the Philippines and to maneuver how the media simultaneously disrupt and defends the status quo including the advantages and disadvantages during resource travails. The early part of this paper leave alone provide and support the ideas of how a join election is thrifty in a ordinary regardry. It will similarly focus on the medias substantial component part on the voting behavior that will contri scarcelye towards a non bad(p)er understanding of mass media in our country. The crippled part deals about the past situation of the media which concerns the different election frauds, purchaseion, and violence. I will to a fault fetch an overview about the medias monopoly and technicalism. notwithstanding among these, the well-nigh favorable part is the takings of the spick-and-span media through with(predicate) the use of the introduced technology. I will excessively discuss how the different forms of media raise uping using various hunting expedition strategies through TV ads, canvas, debates and early(a)s can persuade the voters. Furthermore, this term paper will also argue about the effectuate of cash on election results, whether it is an advantage or a disadvantage to the governmental candidate. Lastly, I hope to show that communication and persuasion treats between the media and the exoteric, that we and others can also lure the media.How to measure a fair electionIn a democratic country like the Philippines, where universal and equal suffrage is a mustiness, the media plays a significant and substantial ro le for the development of the society. The media is responsible for ensuring free, fair and equal elections. To make a democratic form of government feasible, essential conditions atomic number 18 required. For a country to be democratic, they must deposit universal and equal suffrage. The semi semi governmental system must entail realisation of protection of civil liberties and rights. The emancipation of speech from candidates and political parties must not be re inexorableed. Enforceable laws must be implemented to anticipate election fraud and vote tampering. It must be ensured that an electorates choice of party or candidate cannot be used against him or her by secret ballot voting. (socyberty.com, 2009) But in general term, it can be said that the volume must be the highest form of society.The role of media before, during and after electionsThe fact that the media plays a great role in lives is well cognise, but its role as a political alikel is also well rooted in the political systems. During ms of elections, which be manipulaten by many as the hallmarks of democratic political system, the media be expected to undertake very specific roles. It is a clich, but media as the instance of the public, in the course curiously of elections, must be able to inform, educate, enlighten and involve the electorate. Brandt, Hughes, and Rasmussen (2006), pass on discussed the major(ip)(ip) overlyls needed by the media in a fair report and coverage of the elections. They lose to provide a platform and forum for controversial societal debates. The b be-asseds media play the vital role in a democracy of providing the public information on which they can base their decisions on public issues. They pick out the duty to criticize undemocratic behavior of politicians, to educate the general public in respect of democracy, and to secure a fair and balanced coverage of elections. The watchdog function of the media is especially crucial during times of e lectoral compacts and elections themselves. to a greater extent importantly, the medias role is to scrutinize the candidates and parties and expose on the same issues and to give voters enough information to comp are their positions. The media must report what the parties and candidates are saying, tied(p) if it does not reflect issues the flock want to address (pp. 14-19). If the media coverage in the press and television is not free, fair and equal, the results may be prejudiced. governmental discussions cannot be avoided in the bulls eye media, political stories are aired on television every day, commercial radio airs political news every hour, and paid political announcements are encountered in all media during campaigns. Candidates use of the media can have a strong impact upon those who make up their minds about candidates during the campaign. It is within human nature to rely what is told to us. We tend to believe the media because research is through with(p) by them a nd they are a principal(prenominal) source of information. The media carcass important since they are the factor by which people obtain current affairs both in spite of appearance and out array of the Philippines however t nete it may be. Overall, the media are forever present with new stories on political activities.The new mediaThe entrance of the modern era meant the advent of modern technology accessible to the public. For the first time in history, the Philippines embraced technology and transformed greatly the electoral system of the country during the May 2010 elections. The Philippine elections have frequently been marked by allegations of widespread cheating and other electoral malpractice. It was a subject to reflection since the security of the electoral execute and its capacity to preserve the sanctity of the ballot and the will of the electorate was put to question. It has continuously been a manual process from voting to the canvassing of results with the loc al and national positions. Consequently, we have had hurdled so lots because of the slow and tedious process. But due to the advanced technology available in the modern era, the Filipinos most awaited election was taken to another level. Generally, the automated election fulfilled the promise of speed but complaints and controversies remained (Meisburger, 2010). Many Filipinos until now were not sure whether the new process worked well enough to hold apt elections. Even automated election provided high security, in that respect were still computer experts that bombarded the whole system or hacked the computers and manipulated the results. And I think that it is unquestionablely possible that cheaters came from the people who developed the system. Unfortunately and ironically, the press, despite of the intense focus on the new voting machines, failed to highlight critical problems during Election Day. But in my own opinion, the main problem we encountered during the May 2010 autom ated election was transparency. People were not able to see the actual process of counting the votes and several doubted if the results are really correct. Reporting on the first automated election also posed new challenges to the media. The press had to be alert to new diversenesss of problems as well as to bear the coverage on the day itself interesting. But it was obvious from the first hours of coverage that the television networks were clearly disposed(p) to resort to the magic of technology to keep audiences tuned in. The media is intensely influential in the present days systems of domination. Because the bulk of the public does not in fact hear political speeches, witness activities, or observe actions of leaders, they estimate on the media to exhibit the news in an accessible form. It becomes easy to comprehend how vital the media is, and what will be the effects of the news on the society whenever it is presented. Even a little change of news has the potentials to great ly influence public opinion (people.virginia.edu).Dirty Politics Bias Media and Corrupt CandidatesOn the further office of the media, television has been with us for more than thirty years (Del Mundo, 1986, p. 10). By any standard, thirty years is unyielding enough to develop a meaningful mass medium. Although in the past, the role of media is not as great as it is today. During an election, it was not surp insurrection to see the media being harnessed to serve the politicians who held media power. Rocamora, for instance, concluded that Cheating is a well-developed art in Philippine elections. Local Politicians are adept at manipulating the process from beginning to end. (Rocamora, 1998, p. 23). So having no doubt, the media with its own weaknesses, would most likely practice bias electoral processes. Corruption in the media effort is a fact, and it is worst during elections. There is a general feeling about the political bias of the media that it is too negative. They place an i mportance on finding out what is wrong, but do not tell the fill out picture about what is being done. There are indeed media networks that are owned by families who are biased in favor of certain candidates. We can see this prejudicial act most frequently when the media had begun to be very one-sided in terms of reporting the news. The media should be obligated to tell the fair play and not manufacture or elaborate stories, even if it does not sound as good. It has and will bide to destroy the careers of some and make the careers of others. Even though most of the television news stations are owned by slopped individuals, they should not be so biased. The media and the politicians whole want us to see what a perfect world we live in, so they tend to hide the truth or work their way around it. But that is not always the case sometimes desperate politicians are alone exaggerating when they condemn the alleged bias of the media. They tend to highlight the critical views reporte d by the media but they dangle the balanced presentation of facts in news reports. Another unjust intervention was experienced by the media during the Marcos era. license of the media has always been viewed with admiration everywhere in the world. But in 1972 to 1981, when martial law was declared during the regime of President Marcos, media monopoly started. Not just one agency was organized to do the tune. Thus, the media suppression of the Marcos era restored the regent(postnominal) and influential appetite of the public for news. But unfortunately, until now, the medias authority, security and freedom was not completely fulfilled (Del Mundo, 1986, pp. 77-89). Moreover, the novel Maguindanao massacre would be the worst example of election-related violence, wherein many members of the press and media was killed and abducted. Therefore, these malpractices and bad connotations simply imply the jet term dirty politics which I think is not fair because politics must always be u nderstood in a larger context. And talking about the status quo, generally it is the media that is bias and the politicians that are corrupt.Defining a CAMPAIGNIn the course especially of elections, we cannot exclude the fact of the emergence of inevitable frauds and intense violence. Every now and then, the media conclusively reports about the most compelling issues and irregularities related to elections, especially during the campaign distributor destine. A campaign is the period right before citizens make a real political choice. Campaign activity is more likely to register on voters minds as the Election Day draws burn down (Brady, Johnston Sides, 2004, p.2). consort to Brandt, Hughes, and Rasmussen (2006)Most parties make their leader the centre of attention so voters who like the leader will vote for the partys candidates. So the partys election campaign is composed of speeches, party rallies and press conferences featuring the party leader. But the medias job is not jus t to repeat all the words spoken by the leaders. There should also be information in the news story about where the speech was given and how many people were there and what was the reaction of people in the streets, and what did political opponents say. Voters deserve to know so they can compare and go down for themselves. (Brandt, Hughes, and Rasmussen, 2006, p. 16).Ultimately, political ads and campaigns can affect who will win the election. As is true of other types of human relationships, first impressions can be very important as voters form their opinions about political candidates. Research on election decisions suggests that candidates use of the media can have a strong impact upon those who make up their minds about candidates during the campaign. They can affect what the voters know, whether they will vote, whom they will vote for and why they will vote for that person. In general, people already have their own ideas when they view television, read newspapers, or log on t o websites. To a man, the campaign staffs of politicians agree that the three requisites for a successful campaign are media, machinery and gold. (Coronel, Chua, De Castro, 2004, p. 123)The media as a form of campaign strategyTelevision campaigns come from various forms. It can be a form of commercial, debates, speech, press conference, polls or interviews which are aired on local television news broadcasts, talk shows and even game shows. The television commercial, the most powerful form of advertizing is the most interesting and most complex kind of political advertisement. It is the main way that modern campaigns communicate with voters. It can give you as the electorate an idea of how reliable candidates are, how they communicate or connect with the people, how they behave under stress, how they sell their program and what do they stand for. According to a study made by Coronel, Chua and De Castro (2004), The Arroyo and Lacson campaigns were most successful than the others in getting their spins across. This was because they had more advance(a) media strategies and handlers. They had a clearer idea of the message they wanted to project and made sure that this message was successfully conveyed through the media. (p. 21). Through TV ads, the audiences who are watching their favorite television programs will have a bump to meet the candidates and there is a possibility that they can recall them since they are shown in every commercial break. The advertiser will create another image of the candidate to make them appreciated and accepted by the target audience. The use of informal words, the inclusion of popular song and dance, the color, social issues, and the representation of peoples age, gender, profession and trust are very useful for the ads recall (Encabo, 2010, pp.11-12). In a survey conducted by Fonbuena. Rufo and Tabunda (2008), during the campaign period itself, responsives were asked to name political advertisements on television that they cou ld recall. An ad was considered correctly recalled by a respondent if the respondent was able to identify the candidates in the advertisements that they recalled. governmental ads are effective in converting voter awareness into actual votes for the candidates to the extent only that these ads incredibly project an image of the candidate as one who will effectively address the issues and concerns of the electorate. Studies show that commercials and debates aired right before Election Day have the most effect on undecided viewers (pp. 27-28). Voters who have already formed their opinions are hardly influenced by the media to the point of changing their minds. But as seed by House, Ludwig and Stratmann (2009), advertising need not to be sincere in deceptive campaigns. Both types of candidates engage in campaign advertising claiming that they are of high quality. Hence, they define advertising as deceptive when a low-quality candidate advertises that he is high-quality (p. 6).Opini on polls, on the other hand, are mostly used by political parties to discover what issues a representative sample of voters think is important. As defined by Lange (1999), voting intention polls indicate the popularity of political parties/candidates, show ratings, and suggest the progeny of elections. Parties will sometimes change their campaign promises because opinion polls reveal what will be more popular (pp. 49-50). People always say in polls, they do not like negative campaigns but voting records seem to indicate that they are affected or influenced by them. Opinion polls also influence voters because voters like to know what their neighbors are thinking and may decide to vote the same way. As such(prenominal), poll results could increasingly frame the coverage of the election campaign. Exposure to polls may serve to improver a general interest in voting in the public, but there is little to render a change in voter intention, which is what we call bandwagon effect. Opinio n polls are only a brief sample of peoples opinions at the time they were asked. Polls cannot predict how opinions and votes will change if voters learn new information. Polls should not become the lead story everyday because they may influence voters to follow popular opinion rather than think for themselves. Lange (1999) observed that debates have advantages and disadvantages, but on balance seem positive. On the negative side, it has been argued that mandatory debates would circumscribe the candidates freedom to run campaigns as they wish that it is not always possible to have all party leaders participating and that debates tend to spotlight the party leaders too intensely. On the positive side, debates allow the candidates to submit the public directly, they have been shown to heighten citizens interest in elections and their levels of information, they are a means of enabling the public to make a direct comparison of the candidates, and as such are a useful supplement to th e normal news coverage (pp. 28-29).Aside from the old traditions of advertising, the in advance(p) transformation of the society was considered as a milepost in the electoral system. I am not just talking about the May 2010 automated elections, but it is about how social media is changing the face of democracy through the use of different social networking sites in campaigning for a political party or candidate. Generally, traditional media and new media worked together for a more comprehensive coverage of the 2010 Philippine Elections. hindrance (2009) for example, stated that, the internet has assumed an increasingly important role in political communications and has provided new ways of communicating political messages with the public. Traditional concerns about television and radio political advertising are equally applicable to the Internet but there is no debate about regulating political content on the web (p.29). TV news stations also marked a milestone in media history wh en they reported election updates in real time using the new media. They even used the Facebook and peep to post news updates and reports about the election. Most of the Social Media websites which have had a major worldwide impact on Internet usage and thus perceived international impact, like YouTube, Flickr, Blogger, WordPress, Google, Wikipedia, Myspace, Facebook and Twitter (eGovernment-Symposium, 2009, p. 7). As predicted by some experts and scholars, it is probably only a matter of time before everyone will be able to vote over the Internet. Still, for those who create and air ads, the bottom line is the bottom line. The mean effect of political advertising or paid media is to win political battles by creating and delivering biased messages. inform and engaging the public outside of ones supporters, when and if it occurs, is a by-product or stand byary effect of the effort to win political battles.Does money wins elections?But the most intriguing factor that affects the d ecision of the electorate is the presence of money. Rocamora (1998), observe that for a candidate to win Philippine elections, they have to spend three times once to get nominated, second to garner votes, third to get his votes counted, added to, and those of his opponents subtracted (p. 27). According to political scientist Ciyde Wilcox, money matters most when the candidates are least known to the voters, when they do not receive a lot of news coverage, and when paid advertising, which, of course, is expensive, can bring recognition and enhance images (Wayne, 1992, p.52). As I have said, the ads play a big role in the correct campaign. The earlier the ad is aired, the earlier the candidates rating goes up and the earlier the candidate can shift to conversion. Indeed, this means paying a longer period for advertisement slots. The make up of political campaign is rising and rising fast. The use of other modern technology has also increased expenditures. One 30-second ad can cost a candidate from P34,000 to P243,000, depending on the station and the time slot. These costs are already slashed by 30 percent, the legally mandated discount for candidates (Fonbuena, Rufo, Tabunda, 2008, p. 61). But because of factors such as popularity and acceptability, campaign budgets may still digress from candidate to candidate. If a candidate is already popular, a lesser amount can be allocated for election paraphernalia. The amount a candidate spends will largely depend on the style of his/her political strategies. literally speaking, before a sensible person joins a political fray, he/she should check his/her wallet first. Elections are indeed expensive affairs. Radio and television appearance, newspaper advertising, travel for the candidate, mailings of campaign materials, maintaining a network of campaign offices, taking polls, and raising money itself all cost a great deal of money. The notion that the side with more money has a better chance of winning is very common . Lack of budget for the campaign can be solved through public and private funding. The ability to raise money is not only a matter of wealth but also of being able to attract pecuniary resource from others. Way before the campaign period, funds can already be raised. It is obviously important for a pecuniaryly challenged candidate to seek and accept whatever material support they can find. Sponsored activities like a ball, a concert, a movie premier, T-shirt sales, and bazaars can be organized. But most campaign donations would not come in until a candidates showing becomes strong during the campaign period. Their contributions serve as insurance money, an enthronization they hope to draw from in the future. Another source, though largely unreported for obvious reasons, would be turn and smuggling operations that seek the protection of the politicians.According to Co, Lao, Sayo and Tigno (2005), potential candidates who do not have the financial resources and backing to underta ke a campaign have a little chance of winning (p.98). But apparently, I beg to disagree that financial outlays can guarantee victory in elections. Although the money washed-out might still serve as a good index to electoral strength, the candidates and parties with the most money did not always win. Money however is only one factor. And even when relatively honest people do win, they have to spend so much money to campaign that they invariably become corrupt in order to recover their expenses or to return the favor of financial backers. Wayne (1992) stated that, theoretically, campaign expending should have a greater impact on the nomination process than on the general election, and on the beginning of the process than at the end (p. 51). Whether or not money determines campaign victors, it exerts an enormous influence on elections. Heard (1960), notes that the effect of money in politics is probably more certain in ascertain who the candidates will be than in determining the out come of the elections. Although the main goal of those who sponsor political advertising is to win elections, advertising can also inuence what citizens know about candidates and public insurance policy and how engaged citizens are in their own governance. And, as discussed above, in inuencing what voters know, ads can inuence whom voter choose (Goldenstein, Ridout, 2004, p. 211).The impact of media on the electoral systemThe overwhelming power of the mass media is something that we accept as fact. We are dependent on media for information. Media have become our connection to the real world. Indeed, there have been a lot of contributions media has made in politics, particularly during elections. The availability of media coverage during elections from the nomination period to the canvassing of votes, keeps the public informed of all the crucial events that occur during the elections. In the present times, it has gained a greater importance than how it was in the past. Filipinos muc h more now than ever in the past, rely on the mass media in decision fashioning whom to vote and which issues are important. There is a hunger for information and citizens are much more intent to media reports during elections than in other times. It has thus gained more influence over the voting behavior of the electorate and greater power in altering the opinions of the people. During campaigns, bad publicity can mean almost certain death to a promising political career to a politician. No matter what good things a person has done in the past, if the media decides to publish the bad, their chances are blown. Population as a whole also recognizes the large role the media plays in their lives. They are well aware that the press plays the most dominant role in determining which issues and events are considered significant (Brandt, Hughes, Rasmussen, 2006, pp. 15-17).ConclusionThe medias role in politics is even more significant. They help mannikin the political culture, and have the power to make a candidate appealing or repulsive. The media can also lead the general public to misunderstand the actions of one particular political group, and as a result, other political parties have to face a difficult political situation. Encabo (2010) concluded that politicians and advertisement producers believe that advertising allows candidates to reach even the uninterested and unmotivated citizens like those who are not paying attention in news reports, debates, and other campaign event (p.20). The media is primarily needed to fix itself to reporting on politics, not shaping it. The media should not have the bias of the nation, but should offer information to allow ideas to form liberally and independently. The nature of the impact of the media coverage is perhaps most dramatically evident in peoples awareness of the candidates and the consequences for how they vote. In the coverage of elections, media fulfills different roles. This includes informing, enlightening, and educating the electorate, providing a platform and forum for controversial social debates, forming public opinion, and serving as a watchdog on the side of the citizens. Among these roles, the duty of informing the electorate is the primary and the other roles are only ancillary and fall under this primary role. The media has also the ability of affecting the behavior and decision making of the electorate. Many factors are to consider in determining the voting behavior of the electorate and though there is no certainty on the extent that media affects the decision making process of the electorate, media is one of the few things that can count heavily on affecting and changing the opinions and decisions of the electorate. Apart from persuading the electorate, the media can also persuade the political candidates. The media influence the decision and actions of politicians and officials, change their priorities and can reduce their ability to control events. Another thing to consid er in the influence of media in elections is the campaign financing that is required of candidates in order to afford the media resources necessary for forward the campaign. The costs on campaign financing have escalated primarily due to the fact that it is expensive to enforce media resources. However, though it is expensive, but because it is believed to be the most effective medium of campaigning, it is the least likely expense in campaign financing to be cut. The high costs of campaign financing pose problems for less generous candidates. It is a disadvantage for the poor candidate who does not have the necessary resources necessary to run a campaign which will be able to employ media as one of its medium of advertisement. Because of this, the integrity of the electoral system of a democratic nation such as the Philippines becomes flawed. People, based on democratic theory, should have equal opportunity to run for office regardless of economic status. But because of the high c osts obligate by media on running a campaign, this is hardly true. There is therefore a need for the strict implementation of campaign finance laws during elections so as not to put an advantage on the wealthy and a disadvantage on the less affluent candidates. The media plays a crucial role in the acknowledgment of this goal. Through these insights, it is therefore true that media persuasion does not only work between the media and the public, but logically speaking, we and others can also influence the media. 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